“What these books contain might turn out to be the earliest Christian writing in existence and could change our understanding of how Christianity came into being” ~ Dr Elizabeth Drayson, Peterhouse College, Cambridge, author of The Lead Books of Granada

Recommended Reading

 

On the Analysis of Lead Objects in an Attempt to Determine Their Age, Roger P Webb, Catia Costa, Vladimir Palitsin, Julien L Colaux, Finlay M. Stuart, Karin Hain, Silke Merchel, Peter Steier

link

 

A Simon, C Jeynes, RP Webb, R Finnis, Z Tabatabaian, PJ Sellin, MBH Breese, DFellows, R van den Broek, R Gwilliam, Nuclear Instruments and Methods B, 219-220, 405-409, 2004 

 

A.M.Pollard, What a long strange trip it’s been: lead isotopes in archaeology, in From Mine to Microscope, ed. A. J. Shortland, et al., Oxbow Books, Oxford

 

Ars Sacra, HF Ullman, Text by Rainer Warland

 

Ackerman, S. (1993), The Queen Mother and the Cult in Ancient IsraelJournal of Biblical Literature, 112(3)

 

David Edward Aune, Jesus, Gospel Tradition and Paul in the Context of Jewish and Greco-Roman Antiquity, Volume 2, 2013

 

Apollodorus, The Library with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921, ISBN 0-674-99135-4

 

The Further Adventures of Pontius Pilate, Kevin Butcher

 

Jacques Baldet, Jesus the Rabbi Prophet, Inner Traditions, 2003

 

Jesus, Qumran and the Vatican, Otto Betz and Rainer Riesner

 

Willis Barnstone, The Other Bible

 

Christianity, The Complete Guide, John Bowden, Continuum, 2005

 

Jesus is the Christ: The Messianic Testimony of the Gospels, Micheal F Bird, 2013, Inter-Varsity Press

 

The Brown, Driver and Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Hendrickson, 2004

 

History of the Rechabites, James Charlesworth

 

The Mysteries of John the Baptist, Tobias Churton, Inner Traditions

 

The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, Frank Cross

 

Tobias Churton, Missing Family of Jesus

 

Dionysus the Areopagite, The Ecclesiastical Heirarchy, 

 

Dionysus the Areopagite, On the Divine Names

 

Robert Eisenman, The Dead Sea Scrolls and the First Christians 

 

Robert Eisenman, James, Brother of Jesus

 

Epiphanius, Panarion

 

The Apocryphal Jesus, JK Elliot, OUP, 2008

 

L.K. Fifield, Quaternary Geochronology, 3, 276–290, 2008 

 

Robert Graves and Joshua Podro, The Nazarene Gospel Restored

 

Robert Graves and Joshua Podro, Jesus in Rome

 

Rowan Williams – Christ: The Heart of Creation

 

The Dawn of Christian Art, Thomas E Matthews, Norman E Muller

 

Larry Hurtado, How on Earth Did Jesus Become a God?

 

 

CLASSICAL SOURCES

Flavius Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews

Flavius Josephus, The War of the Jews

Clement of Alexandria, Stromata

Clement of Rome, Clementine Recognitions, Clementine Homilies

Philo of Alexandria, Ambassadors

Epiphanius, Panarion 

Eusebius, History of the Church

Ante Nicene Fathers

Julius Africanus

Toldoth Yeshu

Tacitus, Histories and Lost Documents

 

BIBLICAL SOURCES

King James Bible

The Jerusalem Bible

The New International Version

The Standard Revised Version

The Orthodox Study Bible

The Gospel of the Hebrews

The Gospel of the Egyptians

The Gospel of Thomas

The Didache

Zohar

The Epistle of James

Targum

Hippolytus, On Daniel

The Gospel of James

The Letters of St. Jerome

Origen, First Principles  

Further Research

 

References to the Codices

JS Bach, Cantatas ‘Let all Christians engrave these things on lead…’

Old Testament Non-Canonical

2 Enoch 64
For you shalt be glorified before the Lord’s face for all time, since the Lord chose you, rather than all men on earth, and designated you writer of all his creation, visible (physical) and invisible (spiritual), and redeemed of the sins of man, and helper of your household.

 

Old Testament
Exodus 32:15-16
And Moses turned, and went down from the mount, and the two tables of the testimony were in his hand: the tables were written on both their sides; on the one side and on the other were they written.
And the tables were the work of God, and the writing was the writing of God, graven upon the tables.

 

2 Esdras 14: 42-48
Moreover, the Most High gave understanding to the five men, and by turns they wrote what was dictated, using characters that they did not know. They sat forty days; they wrote during the daytime, and ate their bread at night. 43 But as for me, I spoke in the daytime and was not silent at night. 44 So during the forty days, ninety-four books were written.45 And when the forty days were ended, the Most High spoke to me, saying, “Make public the twenty-four books that you wrote first, and let the worthy and the unworthy read them; 46 but keep the seventy that were written last, in order to give them to the wise among your people.47 For in them is the spring of understanding, the fountain of wisdom, and the river of knowledge.”48 And I did so.

 

Job 19:24
That they were engraved on a rock
With an iron pen and lead, forever!
For I know that my Redeemer lives,
And He shall stand at last on the earth; And after my skin is [a]destroyed, this I know,
That in my flesh I shall see God,

 

Ecclesiastes, 12:12
Be warned, my son, of anything in addition to them.
Of making many books there is no end, and much study wearies the body.

 

Isa 8:16-17; 34:16
Bind up this testimony of warning
and seal up God’s instruction among my disciples.
I will wait for the Lord,
who is hiding his face from the descendants of Jacob.
I will put my trust in him.

 

Daniel 12:4
But thou, O Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book, even to the time of the end: many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall be increased.

 

1 Maccabees 14:18
they engraved on bronze tablets a renewal of the treaty of friendship which they had made with his brothers Judas and Jonathan and sent the tablets to him.

 

New Testament
Revelation 5:1-5
The Scroll and the Lamb
Then I saw in the right hand of him who sat on the throne a scroll with writing on both sides and sealed with seven seals. And I saw a mighty angel proclaiming in a loud voice, “Who is worthy to break the seals and open the scroll?” But no one in heaven or on earth or under the earth could open the scroll or even look inside it. I wept and wept because no one was found who was worthy to open the scroll or look inside. Then one of the elders said to me, “Do not weep! See, the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the Root of David, has triumphed. He is able to open the scroll and its seven seals.”

 

Non-Canonical

Shepherd of Hermas 2:1
1[5]:3 But after I had risen up from prayer, I behold before me the aged lady, whom also I had seen last year, walking and reading a little book. And she saith to me, “Canst thou report these things to the elect of God?” I say unto her, “Lady, I cannot recollect so much; but give me the little book, that I may copy it.” “Take it,” saith she, “and be sure and return it to me.”

 

Gnostic – Gospel of Truth
Apocryphon of James, CG I.2.1.

 

Jewish

Mishnah Sanhedrin 10:1

 

Josephus, War, 6.312-13
312 But now, what did most elevate them in undertaking this war, was an ambiguous oracle that was also found in their sacred writings, how, “about that time, one from their country should become governor of the habitable earth”

 

Dead Sea Scrolls

Damascus Document Chapters 11 & 15
The Secret Book of James
‘You have asked me to send you a secret book revealed to Peter and me by the master, and I could not turn you down, nor could I speak to you so I have written it in Hebrew and have sent it to you, and to you alone. But since you are a minister of the salvation of the saints, try to be careful not to reveal to many people this book that the saviour did not want to reveal even to all of us his twelve students. Nonetheless, those who will be saved through the faith.’
‘Twelve months ago I sent you another secret book that the saviour revealed to me. Think of that book as revealed to me, James. But this one…’

 

Islamic

Quran Surah 18
In the name of God, the Gracious, the Merciful.
1. Praise be to God, who revealed the Book to His servant, and allowed in it no distortion.
9. Did you know that the People of the Cave and the Inscription were of Our wondrous signs?
10. When the youths took shelter in the cave, they said, “Our Lord, give us mercy from Yourself, and bless our affair with guidance.”
11. Then We sealed their ears in the cave for a number of years.
17. You would have seen the sun, when it rose, veering away from their cave towards the right, and when it sets, moving away from them to the left, as they lay in the midst of the cave. That was one of God’s wonders. He whom God guides is truly guided; but he whom He misguides, for him you will find no directing friend.
27. And recite what was revealed to you from the Book of your Lord. There is no changing His words, and you will find no refuge except in Him.
49. And the book will be placed, and you will see the sinners fearful of its contents. And they will say, “Woe to us! What is with this book that leaves nothing, small or big, but it has enumerated it?” They will find everything they had done present. Your Lord does not wrong anyone.

 

Part IV
Daniel 12:4: ‘But thou, O Daniel, shut up the words…’